---
title: Ollie: "my old bike's all rusty so it must be warm, rusting makes he… — Rust: iron's slow fire · tree and pragmatics
description: Ollie: "my old bike's all rusty so it must be warm, rusting makes heat". What's true? Test 5 of lesson 13 «Rust: iron's slow fire» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 5 · Rust: iron's slow fire

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ollie: "my old bike's all rusty so it must be warm, rusting makes heat". What's true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** bike · **What happens:** be, rust, make · **To what, where:** heat

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 of lesson 13 «Rust: iron's slow fire» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/13-rust-irons-slow-fire/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ollie: "my old bike's all rusty so it must be warm, rusting makes heat".

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:13-rust-irons-slow-fire:t5:1
# text = Ollie: "my old bike's all rusty so it must be warm, rusting makes heat".
1	Ollie	Ollie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	all	all	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	rusty	rusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
14	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	rusting	rust	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	nsubj	_	_
17	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
18	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | must | bike |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **rust** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **make** *in a quote* | present |  | heat |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heat=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:13-rust-irons-slow-fire:t5:2
# text = What's true?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rusting takes in heat and slowly cools the bike down

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:13-rust-irons-slow-fire:t5:o1:1
# text = Rusting takes in heat and slowly cools the bike down
1	Rusting	rusting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	cools	cool	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | Rusting |  |  | heat |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in heat=Location |
| 2 | **cool down** | present | Rusting *not said here* | the bike |  |  |  | down, slowly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent bike=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It makes heat, but far too slowly to feel

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:13-rust-irons-slow-fire:t5:o2:1
# text = It makes heat, but far too slowly to feel
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | It | heat |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material heat=Product |
| 2 | **feel** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He's right, rusty bikes feel warm

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:13-rust-irons-slow-fire:t5:o3:1
# text = He's right, rusty bikes feel warm
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	rusty	rusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bikes	bike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **feel** | present | rusty bikes |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rusting makes no heat at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:13-rust-irons-slow-fire:t5:o4:1
# text = Rusting makes no heat at all
1	Rusting	rusting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Rusting | no heat |  | all |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heat=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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