--- title: Teacher: "a cut apple and a cut bit of metal both change in air". Wh… — Tarnish and how metals change · tree and pragmatics description: Teacher: "a cut apple and a cut bit of metal both change in air". What makes both happen? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 14 «Tarnish and how metals change» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/t10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/) / [Tarnish and how metals change](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/) / t10 # Test 10 · ★ · Tarnish and how metals change Teacher: "a cut apple and a cut bit of metal both change in air". What makes both happen? **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Teacher, both · **What happens:** change, make, happen · **To what, where:** air This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 14 «Tarnish and how metals change» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/#t10). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* Teacher: "a cut apple and a cut bit of metal both change in air". ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change:t10:1 # text = Teacher: "a cut apple and a cut bit of metal both change in air". 1 Teacher teacher NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct _ _ 3 " " PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 cut cut ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 apple apple NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 cut cut ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 bit bit NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 metal metal NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 14 nsubj _ _ 14 change change VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 17 " " PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 18 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** *in a quote* | present | Teacher and a cut apple and a cut bit of metal | | | air | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What makes both happen? ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change:t10:2 # text = What makes both happen? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 2 nsubj _ _ 2 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 4 nsubj _ _ 4 happen happen VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 5 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **happen** | infinitive | both | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Water from the air freezing on them ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change:t10:o1:1 # text = Water from the air freezing on them 1 Water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 2 from from ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 5 freezing freeze VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 on on ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **freeze** | gerund | Water from the air | | | | | on them *= they* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2} Oxygen in the air reacting with them ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change:t10:o2:1 # text = Oxygen in the air reacting with them 1 Oxygen oxygen NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 2 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 5 reacting react VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 acl _ _ 6 with with ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **react** | gerund | Oxygen in the air *not said here* | | | | | with them *= they* | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent with they=Eventuality | ### Option 3 {#o3} Light from the windows bleaching them ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change:t10:o3:1 # text = Light from the windows bleaching them 1 Light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 2 from from ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 windows window NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 5 bleaching bleach VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl _ _ 6 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bleach** | gerund | the windows *not said here* | windows *= window* | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ### Option 4 {#o4} Germs from the air eating them ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change:t10:o4:1 # text = Germs from the air eating them 1 Germs germ NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 from from ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 5 eating eat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eat** | gerund | Germs from the air | them *= they* | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Tarnish and how metals change, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/t9/) - next →: [Tarnish and how metals change, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/e1/) - ↑ back to [Tarnish and how metals change](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/)