---
title: It is given that the air within a balloon is heated. Select the stat… — Gases all around: breath and balloons · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that the air within a balloon is heated. Select the statement most accurately characterising the consequence. Exam question 2 of lesson 20 «Gases all around: breath and balloons» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons/e2/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/) / [Gases all around: breath and balloons](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons/) / e2

# Exam question 2 · Gases all around: breath and balloons

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that the air within a balloon is heated. Select the statement most accurately characterising the consequence.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, statement · **What happens:** give, heat, select, characteris · **To what, where:** It, air, statement, consequence

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 20 «Gases all around: breath and balloons» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons/#e2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that the air within a balloon is heated.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons:e2:1
# text = It is given that the air within a balloon is heated.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	within	within	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	heated	heat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **heat** | present · passive |  | the air within a balloon |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Select the statement most accurately characterising the consequence.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons:e2:2
# text = Select the statement most accurately characterising the consequence.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	characterising	characteris	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the statement |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statement=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | gerund | the statement *not said here* | the consequence |  |  |  | accurately *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air expands, becomes lighter than the surrounding air, and the balloon rises

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons:e2:o1:1
# text = The air expands, becomes lighter than the surrounding air, and the balloon rises
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	expands	expand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	lighter	light	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	xcomp	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	surrounding	surround	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
10	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expand** | present | the air |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **become** | present | the air *not said here* |  |  |  |  | light *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **surround** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **rise** | present | the balloon |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air contracts and the balloon descends

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons:e2:o2:1
# text = The air contracts and the balloon descends
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	contracts	contract	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	descends	descend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **descend** | present | the air contracts and the balloon |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air becomes heavier and more compressed, and the balloon remains wholly stationary

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons:e2:o3:1
# text = The air becomes heavier and more compressed, and the balloon remains wholly stationary
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	heavier	heavy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	_
7	compressed	compressed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	wholly	wholly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	stationary	stationary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present | the air |  |  |  |  | heavy *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **remain** | present | the balloon | stationary |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme stationary=Attribute |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air is converted into helium

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons:e2:o4:1
# text = The air is converted into helium
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	converted	convert	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	helium	helium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **convert** | present · passive |  | the air |  |  |  | into helium *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into helium=Result |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Gases all around: breath and balloons, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons/e1/)
- next →: [Gases all around: breath and balloons, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Gases all around: breath and balloons](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/20-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons/)