---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Bread rising: yeast at work · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the staling of bread? Exam question 3 of lesson 21 «Bread rising: yeast at work» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 3 · Bread rising: yeast at work

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the staling of bread?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, stale · **To what, where:** staling bread

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 21 «Bread rising: yeast at work» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/21-bread-rising-yeast-at-work/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:21-bread-rising-yeast-at-work:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the staling of bread?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	staling	stale	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	compound	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	obl	_	_
12	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the staling bread |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **stale** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yeast consumes the remaining bread

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:21-bread-rising-yeast-at-work:e3:o1:1
# text = Yeast consumes the remaining bread
1	Yeast	yeast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	consumes	consume	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	remaining	remaining	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consume** | present | Yeast | the remaining bread |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Asset |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Air introduces additional water into the loaf

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:21-bread-rising-yeast-at-work:e3:o2:1
# text = Air introduces additional water into the loaf
1	Air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	introduces	introduce	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	additional	additional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **introduce** | present | Air | additional water |  | the loaf |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mould converts the bread into stone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:21-bread-rising-yeast-at-work:e3:o3:1
# text = Mould converts the bread into stone
1	Mould	mould	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	converts	convert	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **convert** | present | Mould | the bread |  |  |  | into stone *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent bread=Patient into stone=Result |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Starch gradually realigns and expels water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:21-bread-rising-yeast-at-work:e3:o4:1
# text = Starch gradually realigns and expels water
1	Starch	starch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	gradually	gradually	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	realigns	realign	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	expels	expel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **realign** | present | Starch |  |  |  |  | gradually *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **expel** | present | Starch *not said here* | water |  |  |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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