---
title: Ascertain the reason for which milk, unlike water, is liable to boil… — Milk, cheese and yoghurt · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the reason for which milk, unlike water, is liable to boil over. Exam question 4 of lesson 22 «Milk, cheese and yoghurt» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Milk, cheese and yoghurt

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the reason for which milk, unlike water, is liable to boil over.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, be, boil over · **To what, where:** reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 22 «Milk, cheese and yoghurt» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/22-milk-cheese-and-yoghurt/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:22-milk-cheese-and-yoghurt:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the reason for which milk, unlike water, is liable to boil over.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	6	det	_	_
6	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	unlike	unlike	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	liable	liable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	boil	boil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	csubj	_	_
15	over	over	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  | for which milk and water | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Precondition reason=Theme for milk=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **is** | present | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | liable *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **boil over** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | over *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A surface skin retains steam until it forces the milk over the edge

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:22-milk-cheese-and-yoghurt:e4:o1:1
# text = A surface skin retains steam until it forces the milk over the edge
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	retains	retain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	until	until	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retain** | present | a surface skin | steam |  | the edge | until forces |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Milk contains dissolved gas introduced at the dairy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:22-milk-cheese-and-yoghurt:e4:o2:1
# text = Milk contains dissolved gas introduced at the dairy
1	Milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	contains	contain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dissolved	dissolve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dairy	dairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | Milk | dissolved gas |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot gas=Theme |
| 2 | **dissolve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **introduce** | participle |  | dissolved gas *not said here* |  | the dairy |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Milk boils at a temperature far below that of water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:22-milk-cheese-and-yoghurt:e4:o3:1
# text = Milk boils at a temperature far below that of water
1	Milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	boils	boil	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
7	below	below	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **boil** | present | Milk |  |  | a temperature below that |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Milk is lighter than water and rises spontaneously

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:22-milk-cheese-and-yoghurt:e4:o4:1
# text = Milk is lighter than water and rises spontaneously
1	Milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	lighter	light	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Milk |  |  |  |  | than water; light *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **rise** | present | Milk *not said here* |  |  |  |  | spontaneously *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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