---
title: Identify the principal cause of the fading of textiles exposed to su… — Dyes, inks and colouring · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal cause of the fading of textiles exposed to sunlight. Exam question 2 of lesson 27 «Dyes, inks and colouring» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 2 · Dyes, inks and colouring

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal cause of the fading of textiles exposed to sunlight.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, textiles · **What happens:** identify, expose, cause, fade · **To what, where:** principal cause, textiles, sunlight, fading

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 27 «Dyes, inks and colouring» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/27-dyes-inks-colouring/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:27-dyes-inks-colouring:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal cause of the fading of textiles exposed to sunlight.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fading	fading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	textiles	textile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	exposed	expose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal cause of the fading of textiles |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent cause=Theme |
| 2 | **expose** | participle |  | textiles *not said here* | sunlight |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to sunlight=Recipient |
| 3 | **cause** |  |  | the fading of textiles |  |  |  |  | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **fade** |  | textiles |  |  |  |  |  | nom fading «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The absorption of colour by window glass

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:27-dyes-inks-colouring:e2:o1:1
# text = The absorption of colour by window glass
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	absorption	absorption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **absorb** |  | window glass | colour |  |  |  |  | nom absorption «process transitive»: of=patient by=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The evaporation of the fibres in warm air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:27-dyes-inks-colouring:e2:o2:1
# text = The evaporation of the fibres in warm air
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	evaporation	evaporation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fibres	fibre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **evaporate** |  |  | the fibres in warm air |  |  |  |  | nom evaporation «process transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The decomposition of dye molecules by ultraviolet radiation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:27-dyes-inks-colouring:e2:o3:1
# text = The decomposition of dye molecules by ultraviolet radiation
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	decomposition	decomposition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	dye	dye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	molecules	molecule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	ultraviolet	ultraviolet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	radiation	radiation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decompose** |  |  | dye molecules by ultraviolet radiation |  |  |  |  | nom decomposition «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bleaching action of moisture alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:27-dyes-inks-colouring:e2:o4:1
# text = The bleaching action of moisture alone
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bleaching	bleaching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	moisture	moisture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** |  | moisture |  |  |  |  |  | nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Dyes, inks and colouring, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/27-dyes-inks-colouring/e1/)
- next →: [Dyes, inks and colouring, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/27-dyes-inks-colouring/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Dyes, inks and colouring](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/27-dyes-inks-colouring/)