---
title: Identify the principal reason for which the foliage of most plants a… — Leaves, fruit and colour in nature · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which the foliage of most plants appears green during summer. Exam question 1 of lesson 28 «Leaves, fruit and colour in nature» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choic
---

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# Exam question 1 · Leaves, fruit and colour in nature

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which the foliage of most plants appears green during summer.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, foliage · **What happens:** identify, appear · **To what, where:** principal reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 28 «Leaves, fruit and colour in nature» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/28-colour-in-nature/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which the foliage of most plants appears green during summer.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	foliage	foliage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	amod	_	_
11	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl	_	_
13	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
14	during	during	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **appear** | present | the foliage of most plants |  |  |  | summer | for the principal reason; green *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The leaves reflect the colour of surrounding vegetation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e1:o1:1
# text = The leaves reflect the colour of surrounding vegetation
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reflect	reflect	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	surrounding	surround	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	vegetation	vegetation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reflect** | present | the leaves | the colour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **surround** | gerund | the colour *not said here* | vegetation |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme vegetation=Co-Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light and reflects green light

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e1:o2:1
# text = Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light and reflects green light
1	Chlorophyll	chlorophyll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	absorbs	absorb	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	reflects	reflect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **absorb** | present | Chlorophyll | red light |  |  |  |  | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal light=Theme |
| 2 | **reflect** | present | Chlorophyll *not said here* | green light |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Summer sunlight consists predominantly of green light

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e1:o3:1
# text = Summer sunlight consists predominantly of green light
1	Summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	consists	consist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	predominantly	predominantly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consist** | present | Summer sunlight |  |  |  |  | of green light; predominantly *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The leaves contain a reservoir of green water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e1:o4:1
# text = The leaves contain a reservoir of green water
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reservoir	reservoir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | the leaves | a reservoir of green water |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot reservoir=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Leaves, fruit and colour in nature, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/28-colour-in-nature/t11/)
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