---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Leaves, fruit and colour in nature · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the pink coloration of flamingos? Exam question 2 of lesson 28 «Leaves, fruit and colour in nature» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's cho
---

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# Exam question 2 · Leaves, fruit and colour in nature

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the pink coloration of flamingos?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** pink coloration

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 28 «Leaves, fruit and colour in nature» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/28-colour-in-nature/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the pink coloration of flamingos?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	pink	pink	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	coloration	coloration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	flamingos	flamingo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the pink coloration of flamingos |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It derives from pigments in their diet of shrimps and algae

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e2:o1:1
# text = It derives from pigments in their diet of shrimps and algae
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	derives	derive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	pigments	pigment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	diet	diet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	shrimps	shrimp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	algae	alga	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | It |  |  | pigments |  | in pigments's diet of shrimps and algae | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in diet=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is produced by blood visible through the feathers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e2:o2:1
# text = It is produced by blood visible through the feathers
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | present · passive |  | It |  | the feathers |  | by blood; visible *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is an inherited colour present from hatching

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e2:o3:1
# text = It is an inherited colour present from hatching
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	inherited	inherit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
5	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	hatching	hatching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **inherit** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | It | a inherited colour present |  | hatching |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It results from prolonged standing in pink water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e2:o4:1
# text = It results from prolonged standing in pink water
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	prolonged	prolong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
5	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	pink	pink	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prolong** | participle |  | results *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stand** | gerund | results *not said here* |  |  | pink water |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in water=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Leaves, fruit and colour in nature, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/28-colour-in-nature/e1/)
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