---
title: It is given that an observer wishes to view a rainbow. Ascertain the… — Leaves, fruit and colour in nature · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that an observer wishes to view a rainbow. Ascertain the position of the Sun required. Exam question 4 of lesson 28 «Leaves, fruit and colour in nature» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's ch
---

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# Exam question 4 · Leaves, fruit and colour in nature

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that an observer wishes to view a rainbow. Ascertain the position of the Sun required.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** observer, you, Sun · **What happens:** give, wish, view, ascertain, require · **To what, where:** It, rainbow, position

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 28 «Leaves, fruit and colour in nature» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/28-colour-in-nature/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that an observer wishes to view a rainbow.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e4:1
# text = It is given that an observer wishes to view a rainbow.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	observer	observer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	wishes	wish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	view	view	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rainbow	rainbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **wish** | present | a observer |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **view** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a observer *not said here* | a rainbow |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rainbow=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the position of the Sun required.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e4:2
# text = Ascertain the position of the Sun required.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	required	require	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the position |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent position=Topic |
| 2 | **require** | past | the Sun | the position *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme position=Precondition |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Behind the observer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e4:o1:1
# text = Behind the observer
1	Behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	observer	observer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Directly before the observer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e4:o2:1
# text = Directly before the observer
1	Directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
2	before	before	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	observer	observer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Below the observer's horizon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e4:o3:1
# text = Below the observer's horizon
1	Below	below	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	observer	observer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	horizon	horizon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Directly overhead at noon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:28-colour-in-nature:e4:o4:1
# text = Directly overhead at noon
1	Directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	overhead	overhead	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	noon	noon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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