---
title: A helium balloon from Saturday is small and wrinkly by Wednesday, wi… — Olympiad: everyday chemistry detective… · tree and pragmatics
description: A helium balloon from Saturday is small and wrinkly by Wednesday, with no hole. A little kid says it is "sad". What is really happening? Test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 37 «Olympiad: everyday chemistry detectives ★★★» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics 
---

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# Test 11 · ★★★ · Olympiad: everyday chemistry detectives ★★★

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A helium balloon from Saturday is small and wrinkly by Wednesday, with no hole. A little kid says it is "sad". What is really happening?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** helium balloon, little kid, kid · **What happens:** be, say, happen · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 37 «Olympiad: everyday chemistry detectives ★★★» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/37-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives/#t11).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A helium balloon from Saturday is small and wrinkly by Wednesday, with no hole.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:37-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives:t11:1
# text = A helium balloon from Saturday is small and wrinkly by Wednesday, with no hole.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	helium	helium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Saturday	Saturday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	wrinkly	wrinkly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Wednesday	Wednesday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a helium balloon from Saturday |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a helium balloon from Saturday *not said here* |  |  |  | wednesday |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* A little kid says it is "sad".

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:37-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives:t11:2
# text = A little kid says it is "sad".
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	kid	kid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a little kid |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | kid |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* What is really happening?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:37-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives:t11:3
# text = What is really happening?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	really	really	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	happening	happen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The helium has slowly turned into air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:37-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives:t11:o1:1
# text = The helium has slowly turned into air
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	helium	helium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present · perfect · passive |  | the helium |  | air |  | slowly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into air=Trajectory |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sunlight dried the balloon out

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:37-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives:t11:o2:1
# text = The sunlight dried the balloon out
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dried	dry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dry out** | past | the sunlight | the balloon |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient balloon=Result |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Helium slips out through the rubber

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:37-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives:t11:o3:1
# text = Helium slips out through the rubber
1	Helium	helium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	slips	slip	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rubber	rubber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slip out** | present | Helium |  |  | the rubber |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The balloon got heavier and sank in the cold

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:37-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives:t11:o4:1
# text = The balloon got heavier and sank in the cold
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	heavier	heavy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	sank	sink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | the balloon |  |  |  |  | heavy *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **sink** | past | the balloon *not said here* |  |  | the cold |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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