---
title: The tour guide says the old church windows are thick at the bottom b… — Solids, liquids and gases · tree and pragmatics
description: The tour guide says the old church windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows. What do you say? Test 4 of lesson 4 «Solids, liquids and gases» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wron
---

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# Test 4 · Solids, liquids and gases

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tour guide says the old church windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows. What do you say?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** tour guide, old church windows, glass, you · **What happens:** say, be, flow · **To what, where:** bottom · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 of lesson 4 «Solids, liquids and gases» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/4-solids-liquids-and-gases/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The tour guide says the old church windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:4-solids-liquids-and-gases:t4:1
# text = The tour guide says the old church windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	tour	tour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	guide	guide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the tour guide |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the old church windows |  |  | the bottom |  | thick *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **flow** | present | glass |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What do you say?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:4-solids-liquids-and-gases:t4:2
# text = What do you say?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · do-support | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, but only in cold churches

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:4-solids-liquids-and-gases:t4:o1:1
# text = He is right, but only in cold churches
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	churches	church	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  | cold churches |  | right *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Glass only flows under water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:4-solids-liquids-and-gases:t4:o2:1
# text = Glass only flows under water
1	Glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flow** | present | Glass |  |  | water |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under water=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, glass is a liquid that has been slowly dripping down for hundreds of years

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:4-solids-liquids-and-gases:t4:o3:1
# text = He is right, glass is a liquid that has been slowly dripping down for hundreds of years
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
10	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
11	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	aux	_	_
12	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	dripping	drip	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	acl:relcl	_	_
14	down	down	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | glass | a liquid |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **drip down** | present · perfect · progressive | a liquid |  |  |  |  | for hundreds of years; slowly *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a myth; old panes were made uneven and some are thicker at the top

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:4-solids-liquids-and-gases:t4:o4:1
# text = It is a myth; old panes were made uneven and some are thicker at the top
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	expl	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	panes	pane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
10	uneven	uneven	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	nsubj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	thicker	thick	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	conj	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a myth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | past · passive |  | old panes |  |  |  | uneven *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 3 | **is** | present | some |  |  | the top |  | thick *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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