--- title: Why do frozen water pipes sometimes burst in winter? — Melting, freezing, boiling and condens… · tree and pragmatics description: Why do frozen water pipes sometimes burst in winter? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 5 «Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/t10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/) / [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/) / t10 # Test 10 · ★ · Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing Why do frozen water pipes sometimes burst in winter? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** frozen water pipes · **What happens:** freeze, burst This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 5 «Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/#t10). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing:t10:1 # text = Why do frozen water pipes sometimes burst in winter? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod _ _ 2 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 frozen freeze VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 amod _ _ 4 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 pipes pipe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 6 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 7 advmod _ _ 7 burst burst VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **freeze** | present · do-support | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **burst** | present | frozen water pipes | | | | winter | sometimes *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Water expands as it freezes and pushes the pipe apart ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing:t10:o1:1 # text = Water expands as it freezes and pushes the pipe apart 1 Water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 expands expand VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 as as SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 4 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 freezes freeze VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 pushes push VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 pipe pipe NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 apart apart ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **expand** | present | Water | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **freeze** | present | Water | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **push** | present | Water *not said here* | the pipe | | | | apart *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pipe=Theme | ### Option 2 {#o2} Frozen water gets heavier and drops ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing:t10:o2:1 # text = Frozen water gets heavier and drops 1 Frozen frozen ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 gets get VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 heavier heavy ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 3 xcomp _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 drops drop VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **get** | present | Frozen water | | | | | heavy *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **drop** | present | Frozen water *not said here* | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} Cold metal turns to powder ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing:t10:o3:1 # text = Cold metal turns to powder 1 Cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 metal metal NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 turns turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 powder powder VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **turn** | present | Cold metal | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **powder** | to-infinitive | Cold metal *not said here* | | | | | | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ### Option 4 {#o4} Ice is very sharp and cuts the pipe open from inside ```conllu # sent_id = question:chemistry:5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing:t10:o4:1 # text = Ice is very sharp and cuts the pipe open from inside 1 Ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 very very ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 sharp sharp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 cuts cut VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 pipe pipe NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 9 open open ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 xcomp _ _ 10 from from ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 inside inside ADV RB _ 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Ice | | | | | sharp *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **cut** | present | Ice *not said here* | the pipe | | | | open *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset pipe=Product from inside=Material | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/t9/) - next →: [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/e1/) - ↑ back to [Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/)