---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Grandparents, aunties and uncles — how… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the use of shūshu and āyí by children? Exam question 4 of lesson 10 «Grandparents, aunties and uncles — how families address elders» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the q
---

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# Exam question 4 · Grandparents, aunties and uncles — how families address el…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the use of shūshu and āyí by children?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, use · **To what, where:** use, shūshu

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 10 «Grandparents, aunties and uncles — how families address elders» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chinese-street/10-grandparents-aunties-uncles/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chinese-street:10-grandparents-aunties-uncles:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the use of shūshu and āyí by children?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	shūshu	shūshu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	āyí	āyí	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the use of shūshu and āyí |  |  |  | of the following statements; by children; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** |  |  | shūshu and āyí |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are informal nicknames for elder siblings

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chinese-street:10-grandparents-aunties-uncles:e4:o1:1
# text = They are informal nicknames for elder siblings
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	nicknames	nickname	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	elder	elder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	siblings	sibling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | informal nicknames |  |  |  | for elder siblings | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are restricted to blood relatives of the father

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chinese-street:10-grandparents-aunties-uncles:e4:o2:1
# text = They are restricted to blood relatives of the father
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	restricted	restrict	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	relatives	relative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **restrict** | present · passive |  | They |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are reserved for teachers alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chinese-street:10-grandparents-aunties-uncles:e4:o3:1
# text = They are reserved for teachers alone
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	reserved	reserve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	teachers	teacher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reserve** | present · passive |  | They |  |  |  | for teachers; alone *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for teacher=Beneficiary |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are respectful titles for unrelated adults of the parents' generation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chinese-street:10-grandparents-aunties-uncles:e4:o4:1
# text = They are respectful titles for unrelated adults of the parents' generation
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	respectful	respectful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	titles	title	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	unrelated	unrelated	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	'	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	generation	generation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | respectful titles |  |  |  | for unrelated adults of the parents's generation | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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