--- title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a di… — Sounds and letters: how phonics starts · tree and pragmatics description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a digraph? Exam question 2 of lesson 1 «Sounds and letters: how phonics starts» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/e2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/) / [Sounds and letters: how phonics starts](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/) / e2 # Exam question 2 · Sounds and letters: how phonics starts Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a digraph? **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** digraph This is exam question 2 of lesson 1 «Sounds and letters: how phonics starts» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/#e2). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:english:1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts:e2:1 # text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a digraph? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 amod _ _ 5 statements statement NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod _ _ 7 accurately accurately ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 characterises characteris VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 digraph digraph NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **characteris** | present | | a digraph | | | | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Two letters which together represent a single sound ```conllu # sent_id = question:english:1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts:e2:o1:1 # text = Two letters which together represent a single sound 1 Two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 2 nummod _ _ 2 letters letter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 3 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 obj _ _ 4 together together ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 represent represent VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl:relcl _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 single single ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **represent** | present | | Two letters | | | | together *property* | tree rules | ### Option 2 {#o2} A letter which is written but not pronounced at all ```conllu # sent_id = question:english:1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts:e2:o2:1 # text = A letter which is written but not pronounced at all 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl:relcl _ _ 6 but but CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 8 pronounced pronounce VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ _ 9 at at ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 8 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **write** | present · passive | | a letter | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **not** **pronounce** | participle | | | | all | | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ### Option 3 {#o3} Two words which are pronounced in an identical manner ```conllu # sent_id = question:english:1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts:e2:o3:1 # text = Two words which are pronounced in an identical manner 1 Two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 2 nummod _ _ 2 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 3 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 pronounced pronounce VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl:relcl _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 identical identical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 manner manner NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pronounce** | present · passive | | Two words | | a identical manner | | | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: subject=Theme in manner=Manner | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4} A single letter which represents two separate sounds ```conllu # sent_id = question:english:1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts:e2:o4:1 # text = A single letter which represents two separate sounds 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 single single ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 represents represent VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 6 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 7 separate separate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **represent** | present | a single letter | two separate sounds | | | | | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot sound=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. 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