---
title: Ascertain which of the following constitutes a complete two-mark res… — Inference: reading between the lines · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain which of the following constitutes a complete two-mark response to an inference question. Exam question 3 of lesson 18 «Inference: reading between the lines» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

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# Exam question 3 · Inference: reading between the lines

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain which of the following constitutes a complete two-mark response to an inference question.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, follow, constitute · **To what, where:** complete mark response

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 18 «Inference: reading between the lines» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/18-inference-reading-between-the-lines/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:18-inference-reading-between-the-lines:e3:1
# text = Ascertain which of the following constitutes a complete two-mark response to an inference question.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	1	obj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	nmod	_	_
5	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	nsubj	_	_
6	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
8	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	inference	inference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Topic |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **constitute** | present |  | a complete mark response |  |  |  | to a inference question | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme response=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A statement of the inferred idea together with supporting evidence from the text

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:18-inference-reading-between-the-lines:e3:o1:1
# text = A statement of the inferred idea together with supporting evidence from the text
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	inferred	infer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	together	together	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
8	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	supporting	support	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
10	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **infer** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **support** | gerund | a statement of the inferred idea *not said here* | evidence |  | the text |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer evidence=Stimulus |
| 3 | **state** |  |  | the inferred idea |  |  |  |  | nom statement «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A description of one's own feelings unconnected with the text whatsoever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:18-inference-reading-between-the-lines:e3:o2:1
# text = A description of one's own feelings unconnected with the text whatsoever
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	description	description	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
8	unconnected	unconnected	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** |  |  | one's own feelings |  |  |  |  | nom description «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A copy of the question

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:18-inference-reading-between-the-lines:e3:o3:1
# text = A copy of the question
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **copy** |  |  | the question |  |  |  |  | nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A statement of the idea alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:18-inference-reading-between-the-lines:e3:o4:1
# text = A statement of the idea alone
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** |  |  | the idea |  |  |  |  | nom statement «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Inference: reading between the lines, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/18-inference-reading-between-the-lines/e2/)
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