---
title: ★★ Cause and effect: Hansel drops breadcrumbs; birds eat them. What… — Reading a story: characters, plot and… · tree and pragmatics
description: ★★ Cause and effect: Hansel drops breadcrumbs; birds eat them. What is the effect? Test 2 · ★ of lesson 22 «Reading a story: characters, plot and setting» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was rig
---

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# Test 2 · ★ · Reading a story: characters, plot and setting

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
★★ Cause and effect: Hansel drops breadcrumbs; birds eat them. What is the effect?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** ★, birds, effect · **What happens:** drop, eat, be · **To what, where:** breadcrumbs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 22 «Reading a story: characters, plot and setting» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* ★★ Cause and effect: Hansel drops breadcrumbs; birds eat them.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting:t2:1
# text = ★★ Cause and effect: Hansel drops breadcrumbs; birds eat them.
1	★	★	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	★	★	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Cause	Cause	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	Hansel	Hansel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	drops	drop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	breadcrumbs	breadcrumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | present | ★ ★ Cause and effect | breadcrumbs |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breadcrumb=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | present | birds | breadcrumbs *= breadcrumb* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is the effect?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting:t2:2
# text = What is the effect?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the effect |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hansel gets more bread

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting:t2:o1:1
# text = Hansel gets more bread
1	Hansel	hansel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
4	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hansel** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | present |  | more bread |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bread=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The witch helps them home

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting:t2:o2:1
# text = The witch helps them home
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	home	home	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | the witch | them *= they* |  |  |  | home *property* | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The children can't find the way home

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting:t2:o3:1
# text = The children can't find the way home
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	home	home	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **find** | can | the children | the way |  |  |  | home *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The birds get sick and fly away

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting:t2:o4:1
# text = The birds get sick and fly away
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | the birds |  |  |  |  | sick *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **fly away** | infinitive | the birds *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Reading a story: characters, plot and…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting/t1/)
- next →: [Reading a story: characters, plot and…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting/t3/)
- ↑ back to [Reading a story: characters, plot and setting](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/22-reading-a-story-characters-plot-and-setting/)