---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Fronted adverbials · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the punctuation conventionally required after a fronted adverbial? Exam question 2 of lesson 29 «Fronted adverbials» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opt
---

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# Exam question 2 · Fronted adverbials

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the punctuation conventionally required after a fronted adverbial?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, require, front · **To what, where:** punctuation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 29 «Fronted adverbials» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/29-fronted-adverbials/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:29-fronted-adverbials:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the punctuation conventionally required after a fronted adverbial?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	conventionally	conventionally	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	fronted	front	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	adverbial	adverbial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the punctuation |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **require** | participle |  | the punctuation *not said here* |  |  | after a fronted adverbial | conventionally *property* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **front** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A comma is placed after it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:29-fronted-adverbials:e2:o1:1
# text = A comma is placed after it
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	comma	comma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | present · passive |  | a comma |  |  | after it |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A question mark is placed after it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:29-fronted-adverbials:e2:o2:1
# text = A question mark is placed after it
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | present · passive |  | a question mark |  |  | after it |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A full stop is placed after it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:29-fronted-adverbials:e2:o3:1
# text = A full stop is placed after it
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	stop	stop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | present · passive |  | a full stop |  |  | after it |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A semicolon is placed before it and a colon after it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:29-fronted-adverbials:e2:o4:1
# text = A semicolon is placed before it and a colon after it
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	semicolon	semicolon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	colon	colon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | present · passive |  | a semicolon |  | it |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme before it=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Fronted adverbials, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/29-fronted-adverbials/e1/)
- next →: [Fronted adverbials, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/29-fronted-adverbials/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Fronted adverbials](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/29-fronted-adverbials/)