---
title: «whose and who's are the same, just spelt different». Are they? — Relative clauses · tree and pragmatics
description: «whose and who's are the same, just spelt different». Are they? Test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Relative clauses» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 9 · ★★★ · Relative clauses

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«whose and who's are the same, just spelt different». Are they?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** they · **What happens:** be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Relative clauses» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/30-relative-clauses/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «whose and who's are the same, just spelt different».

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:30-relative-clauses:t9:1
# text = «whose and who's are the same, just spelt different».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	just	just	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	spelt	spelt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | spelt *obl*; same *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Are they?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:30-relative-clauses:t9:2
# text = Are they?
1	Are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, they mean the same thing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:30-relative-clauses:t9:o1:1
# text = Yes, they mean the same thing
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | they | the same thing |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, who's is the name of a small place in Wales

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:30-relative-clauses:t9:o2:1
# text = No, who's is the name of a small place in Wales
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Wales	Wales	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | the name |  |  |  | of a small place in Wales | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but who's is the American spelling

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:30-relative-clauses:t9:o3:1
# text = Yes, but who's is the American spelling
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | the American spelling |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, whose shows belonging; who's means who is

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:30-relative-clauses:t9:o4:1
# text = No, whose shows belonging; who's means who is
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	shows	show	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	belonging	belong	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	ccomp	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **belong** | gerund | shows |  |  |  |  |  | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | mean *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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