---
title: ★★★ Turn into the active: "The trophy was won by our class." — Active and passive voice, modal verbs · tree and pragmatics
description: ★★★ Turn into the active: "The trophy was won by our class." Test 3 · ★★ of lesson 32 «Active and passive voice, modal verbs» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 3 · ★★ · Active and passive voice, modal verbs

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
★★★ Turn into the active: "The trophy was won by our class."

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** class · **What happens:** turn, win · **To what, where:** ★ ★ ★, active, trophy

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 32 «Active and passive voice, modal verbs» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs:t3:1
# text = ★★★ Turn into the active: "The trophy was won by our class."
1	★	★	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	★	★	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	★	★	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	Turn	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	active	active	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	trophy	trophy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	won	win	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | participle |  | ★ ★ ★ *not said here* |  | the active |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into active=Trajectory |
| 2 | **win** *in a quote* | past · passive | our class | the trophy |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The trophy won our class.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs:t3:o1:1
# text = The trophy won our class.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	trophy	trophy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | the trophy | our class |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Eventuality |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class won the trophy.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs:t3:o2:1
# text = Our class won the trophy.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trophy	trophy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | Our class | the trophy |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trophy=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class was won by the trophy.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs:t3:o3:1
# text = Our class was won by the trophy.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	won	win	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	trophy	trophy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past · passive | the trophy | Our class |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class wins the trophy.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs:t3:o4:1
# text = Our class wins the trophy.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wins	win	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trophy	trophy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | present | Our class | the trophy |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trophy=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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