---
title: Nan from Cardiff, laughing: "Come here for a cwtch, you daft thing."… — Direct speech: inverted commas and new… · tree and pragmatics
description: Nan from Cardiff, laughing: "Come here for a cwtch, you daft thing." ("Cwtch" is a cuddle in Wales.) Written as speech, where do the marks go? Test 4 of lesson 35 «Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics
---

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# Test 4 · Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nan from Cardiff, laughing: "Come here for a cwtch, you daft thing." ("Cwtch" is a cuddle in Wales.) Written as speech, where do the marks go?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Nan, you, Cwtch, marks · **What happens:** laugh, come, thing, be, write, go · **To what, where:** cuddle, Wales · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 of lesson 35 «Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Nan from Cardiff, laughing: "Come here for a cwtch, you daft thing."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers:t4:1
# text = Nan from Cardiff, laughing: "Come here for a cwtch, you daft thing."
1	Nan	Nan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Cardiff	Cardiff	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
9	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cwtch	cwtch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	daft	daft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | gerund | Nan from Cardiff |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  | here |  | for a cwtch | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **thing** *in a quote* |  | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* ("Cwtch" is a cuddle in Wales.)

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers:t4:2
# text = ("Cwtch" is a cuddle in Wales.)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Cwtch	Cwtch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cuddle	cuddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Wales	Wales	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cwtch | a cuddle |  | Wales |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Written as speech, where do the marks go?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers:t4:3
# text = Written as speech, where do the marks go?
1	Written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	as	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
6	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | as speech | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as speech=Attribute |
| 2 | **go** | present · do-support | the marks |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nowhere, because it is Welsh

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers:t4:o1:1
# text = Nowhere, because it is Welsh
1	Nowhere	nowhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	Welsh	welsh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | nowhere, welsh *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Around all of Nan's exact words

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers:t4:o2:1
# text = Around all of Nan's exact words
1	Around	around	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	Nan	Nan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	exact	exact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **word** |  | Nan |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only around "you daft thing", the rude part

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers:t4:o3:1
# text = Only around "you daft thing", the rude part
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	around	around	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	daft	daft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thing** *in a quote* |  | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only around the Welsh word "cwtch"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers:t4:o4:1
# text = Only around the Welsh word "cwtch"
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	around	around	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Welsh	welsh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	cwtch	cwtch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- next →: [Direct speech: inverted commas and new…, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/t5/)
- ↑ back to [Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/)