---
title: Which of the following most accurately characterises the mnemonic "T… — Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a tex… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following most accurately characterises the mnemonic "TiPToP"? Exam question 2 of lesson 37 «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wr
---

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# Exam question 2 · Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following most accurately characterises the mnemonic "TiPToP"?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** mnemonic

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 37 «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:e2:1
# text = Which of the following most accurately characterises the mnemonic "TiPToP"?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mnemonic	mnemonic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	TiPToP	TiPToP	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the mnemonic |  |  |  | accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A list of the four types of sentence

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:e2:o1:1
# text = A list of the four types of sentence
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	types	type	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **list** |  |  | the four types of sentence |  |  |  |  | nom list «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 2 | **type** |  |  | sentence |  |  |  |  | nom type «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A method for the spelling of plurals

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:e2:o2:1
# text = A method for the spelling of plurals
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	plurals	plural	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spell** |  |  | plurals |  |  |  |  | nom spelling «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rule for the placement of apostrophes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:e2:o3:1
# text = A rule for the placement of apostrophes
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	placement	placement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	apostrophes	apostrophe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A reminder to commence a new paragraph upon a change of time, place, topic or person

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:e2:o4:1
# text = A reminder to commence a new paragraph upon a change of time, place, topic or person
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reminder	reminder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	commence	commence	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	topic	topic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **commence** | to-infinitive |  | a new paragraph |  |  |  | upon a change of time and place and topic or person | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paragraph=Eventuality |
| 2 | **change** |  | time and place |  |  |  |  |  | nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ↑ back to [Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/)