---
title: In a cartoon, a boy writes his whole holiday diary as one line on a… — Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a tex… · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon, a boy writes his whole holiday diary as one line on a long roll of paper. What would a teacher tell him? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 37 «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question an
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon, a boy writes his whole holiday diary as one line on a long roll of paper. What would a teacher tell him?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** boy, teacher · **What happens:** write, roll, tell · **To what, where:** whole holiday diary, cartoon, paper, boy · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 37 «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon, a boy writes his whole holiday diary as one line on a long roll of paper.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:t3:1
# text = In a cartoon, a boy writes his whole holiday diary as one line on a long roll of paper.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	writes	write	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
9	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	diary	diary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | present | a boy | boy's whole holiday diary |  | a cartoon |  | as one line on a long roll of paper | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent diary=Theme in cartoon=Destination |
| 2 | **roll** |  |  | paper |  |  |  |  | nom roll «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What would a teacher tell him?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:t3:2
# text = What would a teacher tell him?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | would | a teacher |  | boy |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use a longer roll so it fits

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:t3:o1:1
# text = Use a longer roll so it fits
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
4	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	fits	fit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | a longer roll |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent roll=Patient |
| 2 | **fit** | present | roll |  |  |  |  |  | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use smaller letters to save paper

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:t3:o2:1
# text = Use smaller letters to save paper
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | smaller letters |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient |
| 2 | **save** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | paper |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write it backwards for fun

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:t3:o3:1
# text = Write it backwards for fun
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	backwards	backwards	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  | for fun; backwards *property* | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent it=Result for fun=Beneficiary |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Break it into paragraphs by day and place

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together:t3:o4:1
# text = Break it into paragraphs by day and place
1	Break	break	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	paragraphs	paragraph	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | imperative | you *not said here* | it |  |  | day | into paragraphs *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent it=Patient into paragraph=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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