---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Editing and redrafting · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the practice of professional authors? Exam question 2 of lesson 43 «Editing and redrafting» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was ri
---

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# Exam question 2 · Editing and redrafting

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the practice of professional authors?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, practice · **To what, where:** practice, professional authors

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 43 «Editing and redrafting» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/43-editing-and-redrafting/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:43-editing-and-redrafting:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the practice of professional authors?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	professional	professional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	authors	author	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the practice of professional authors |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **practice** |  |  | professional authors |  |  |  |  | nom practice «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They customarily revise their work on numerous occasions

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:43-editing-and-redrafting:e2:o1:1
# text = They customarily revise their work on numerous occasions
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	customarily	customarily	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	revise	revise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	occasions	occasion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revise** | present | They | their work |  | numerous occasions |  | customarily *property* | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent work=Patient |
| 2 | **work** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They never permit others to read their drafts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:43-editing-and-redrafting:e2:o2:1
# text = They never permit others to read their drafts
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	permit	permit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	drafts	draft	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **permit** | present | They | others |  |  |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Theme |
| 2 | **read** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* | others's drafts |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent draft=Topic |
| 3 | **draft** |  | others *= other* |  |  |  |  |  | nom draft «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They invariably compose a perfect first draft

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:43-editing-and-redrafting:e2:o3:1
# text = They invariably compose a perfect first draft
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	compose	compose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	draft	draft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compose** | present | They | a perfect first draft |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent draft=Result |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They submit their work without reading it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:43-editing-and-redrafting:e2:o4:1
# text = They submit their work without reading it
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	submit	submit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	reading	read	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **submit** | present | They | their work |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent work=Theme |
| 2 | **read** | gerund | They *not said here* | work |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 3 | **work** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Editing and redrafting, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/43-editing-and-redrafting/e1/)
- next →: [Editing and redrafting, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/43-editing-and-redrafting/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Editing and redrafting](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/43-editing-and-redrafting/)