---
title: It is given that a participant alleges that an opponent's assertion… — Debating and discussion · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a participant alleges that an opponent's assertion is "cap". Determine what is additionally required for the allegation to be persuasive. Exam question 3 of lesson 49 «Debating and discussion» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of
---

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# Exam question 3 · Debating and discussion

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a participant alleges that an opponent's assertion is "cap". Determine what is additionally required for the allegation to be persuasive.

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**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** participant, assertion, opponent, you · **What happens:** give, allege, be, assert, determine, require · **To what, where:** It, cap · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 49 «Debating and discussion» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/49-debating-and-discussion/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a participant alleges that an opponent's assertion is "cap".

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:49-debating-and-discussion:e3:1
# text = It is given that a participant alleges that an opponent's assertion is "cap".
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	participant	participant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	alleges	allege	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	opponent	opponent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	assertion	assertion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	cap	cap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **allege** *speech: other* | present | a participant |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | a opponent's assertion | cap |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **assert** |  | a opponent |  |  |  |  |  | nom assertion «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Determine what is additionally required for the allegation to be persuasive.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:49-debating-and-discussion:e3:2
# text = Determine what is additionally required for the allegation to be persuasive.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	additionally	additionally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	ccomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	allegation	allegation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
11	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **require** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | for the allegation; additionally *property* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | persuasive *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Volume

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:49-debating-and-discussion:e3:o1:1
# text = Volume
1	Volume	volume	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Evidence

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:49-debating-and-discussion:e3:o2:1
# text = Evidence
1	Evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insults

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:49-debating-and-discussion:e3:o3:1
# text = Insults
1	Insults	insult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Repetition

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:49-debating-and-discussion:e3:o4:1
# text = Repetition
1	Repetition	repetition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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