---
title: Identify the principal reason for which illegible handwriting is dis… — Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which illegible handwriting is disadvantageous in a written examination. Exam question 2 of lesson 5 «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each 
---

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# Exam question 2 · Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which illegible handwriting is disadvantageous in a written examination.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, illegible handwriting · **What happens:** identify, be, write · **To what, where:** principal reason, written examination

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 5 «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which illegible handwriting is disadvantageous in a written examination.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
7	illegible	illegible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	handwriting	handwriting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	disadvantageous	disadvantageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	examination	examination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | illegible handwriting |  |  | a written examination |  | for the principal reason; disadvantageous *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **write** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The examiner is obliged to award full marks regardless

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up:e2:o1:1
# text = The examiner is obliged to award full marks regardless
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	examiner	examiner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	award	award	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	regardless	regardless	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oblige** | present · passive |  | the examiner |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 2 | **award** | to-infinitive |  | full marks |  |  |  | regardless *property* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent mark=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Illegible handwriting is invariably penalised with a fine

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up:e2:o2:1
# text = Illegible handwriting is invariably penalised with a fine
1	Illegible	illegible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	handwriting	handwriting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	penalised	penalis	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **penalis** | present · passive |  | Illegible handwriting |  |  |  | with a fine; invariably *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Illegible handwriting causes the paper to be destroyed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up:e2:o3:1
# text = Illegible handwriting causes the paper to be destroyed
1	Illegible	illegible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	handwriting	handwriting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Illegible handwriting | the paper |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition paper=Patient |
| 2 | **destroy** | to-infinitive · passive | Illegible handwriting *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP» |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An answer which the examiner cannot read cannot be awarded marks

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up:e2:o4:1
# text = An answer which the examiner cannot read cannot be awarded marks
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	examiner	examiner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl:relcl	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	awarded	award	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **read** | can | the examiner | a answer |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **award** | can · passive |  | a answer |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal mark=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/e1/)
- next →: [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/)