---
title: Rewrite "Mum baked a cake" in the passive. — SATs: grammar, punctuation and spellin… · tree and pragmatics
description: Rewrite "Mum baked a cake" in the passive. Test 10 · ★ of lesson 52 «SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 10 · ★ · SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rewrite "Mum baked a cake" in the passive.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Rewrite Mum · **What happens:** bake · **To what, where:** cake

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 52 «SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t10:1
# text = Rewrite "Mum baked a cake" in the passive.
1	Rewrite	rewrite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	baked	bake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	passive	passive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** *in a quote* | past | Rewrite Mum | a cake |  |  |  | in the passive | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent cake=Patient in passive=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cake is baked by Mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t10:o1:1
# text = A cake is baked by Mum.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | present · passive | Mum | a cake |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum was baking a cake.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t10:o2:1
# text = Mum was baking a cake.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	baking	bake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | past · progressive | Mum | a cake |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Product |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum had baked a cake today.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t10:o3:1
# text = Mum had baked a cake today.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | past · perfect | Mum | a cake |  |  | today |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Product |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cake was baked by Mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t10:o4:1
# text = A cake was baked by Mum.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | past · passive | Mum | a cake |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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