---
title: Which sentence is in the passive? — SATs: grammar, punctuation and spellin… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which sentence is in the passive? Test 7 · ★ of lesson 52 «SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 7 · ★ · SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which sentence is in the passive?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** sentence · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** passive

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 52 «SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper/#t7).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t7:1
# text = Which sentence is in the passive?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	passive	passive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | which sentence |  |  | the passive |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam will break the window tomorrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t7:o1:1
# text = Sam will break the window tomorrow.
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | future | Sam | the window |  |  | tomorrow |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer window=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The window was broken by Sam.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t7:o2:1
# text = The window was broken by Sam.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past · passive | Sam | the window |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam is breaking the window.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t7:o3:1
# text = Sam is breaking the window.
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present · progressive | Sam | the window |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer window=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam broke the window.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper:t7:o4:1
# text = Sam broke the window.
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past | Sam | the window |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer window=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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