---
title: It is given that the word «competishun» appears in a commercial adve… — Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion,… · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that the word «competishun» appears in a commercial advertisement. Ascertain the inference which may properly be drawn. Exam question 4 of lesson 8 «Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion, -sion, -ssion, -cian» of the English course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and p
---

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# Exam question 4 · Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion, -sion, -ssion, -cian

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that the word «competishun» appears in a commercial advertisement. Ascertain the inference which may properly be drawn.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** word, you · **What happens:** give, appear, ascertain, draw · **To what, where:** It, commercial advertisement, inference

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 8 «Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion, -sion, -ssion, -cian» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/english/8-endings-that-sound-like-shun/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that the word «competishun» appears in a commercial advertisement.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:8-endings-that-sound-like-shun:e4:1
# text = It is given that the word «competishun» appears in a commercial advertisement.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	competishun	competishun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	commercial	commercial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	advertisement	advertisement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **appear** | present | the word |  |  | a commercial advertisement |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in advertisement=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the inference which may properly be drawn.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:8-endings-that-sound-like-shun:e4:2
# text = Ascertain the inference which may properly be drawn.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	inference	inference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
6	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the inference |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inference=Topic |
| 2 | **draw** | may · passive |  | the inference |  |  |  | properly *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The advertisement must be withdrawn by law

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:8-endings-that-sound-like-shun:e4:o1:1
# text = The advertisement must be withdrawn by law
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	advertisement	advertisement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	withdrawn	withdraw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **withdraw** | must · passive | law | the advertisement |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spelling is thereby established as correct

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:8-endings-that-sound-like-shun:e4:o2:1
# text = The spelling is thereby established as correct
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	correct	correct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | present · passive |  | the spelling |  |  |  | as correct; thereby *property* | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The word has changed its spelling in recent years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:8-endings-that-sound-like-shun:e4:o3:1
# text = The word has changed its spelling in recent years
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	recent	recent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present · perfect | the word | word's spelling |  |  | year |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spelling=Patient |
| 2 | **spell** |  | word |  |  |  |  |  | nom spelling «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The misspelling may be deliberate and does not establish the correct form

```conllu
# sent_id = question:english:8-endings-that-sound-like-shun:e4:o4:1
# text = The misspelling may be deliberate and does not establish the correct form
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	misspelling	misspelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	establish	establish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	correct	correct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | may | the misspelling |  |  |  |  | deliberate *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **establish** | present · do-support | the misspelling *not said here* | the correct form |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion,…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/8-endings-that-sound-like-shun/e3/)
- next →: [Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/9-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion, -sion, -ssion, -cian](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/8-endings-that-sound-like-shun/)