---
title: Grandma laughing: "Oh, he's high-spirited, that one!" as he jumps on… — Soft words for hard things: relations… · tree and pragmatics
description: Grandma laughing: "Oh, he's high-spirited, that one!" as he jumps on the sofa. What is she saying? Test 8 · ★ of lesson 14 «Soft words for hard things: relations and family and children's behaviour» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the que
---

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# Test 8 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: relations and family and child…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma laughing: "Oh, he's high-spirited, that one!" as he jumps on the sofa. What is she saying?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Grandma, he · **What happens:** laugh, spirit, jump, say · **To what, where:** sofa · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 14 «Soft words for hard things: relations and family and children's behaviour» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/euphemisms/14-family-and-behaviour/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Grandma laughing: "Oh, he's high-spirited, that one!" as he jumps on the sofa.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:14-family-and-behaviour:t8:1
# text = Grandma laughing: "Oh, he's high-spirited, that one!" as he jumps on the sofa.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	11	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	spirited	spirit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	jumps	jump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	sofa	sofa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | gerund | Grandma |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **spirit** *in a quote* | present · passive | he |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **jump** | present | he |  |  | the sofa |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sofa=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is she saying?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:14-family-and-behaviour:t8:2
# text = What is she saying?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · progressive | Grandma |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is noisy and unruly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:14-family-and-behaviour:t8:o1:1
# text = He is noisy and unruly
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	noisy	noisy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	unruly	unruly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | noisy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He believes he saw a ghost

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:14-family-and-behaviour:t8:o2:1
# text = He believes he saw a ghost
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	believes	believe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **see** | past | he | a ghost |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ghost=Stimulus |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is good at high jumps

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:14-family-and-behaviour:t8:o3:1
# text = He is good at high jumps
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	jumps	jump	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  | high jumps |  | good *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is very happy and calm

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:14-family-and-behaviour:t8:o4:1
# text = He is very happy and calm
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | happy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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