---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises "ent… — Soft words for hard things: politics a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises "entitlement reform" as the term is employed in American politics? Exam question 3 of lesson 24 «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and p
---

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# Exam question 3 · Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises "entitlement reform" as the term is employed in American politics?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, employ · **To what, where:** entitlement reform, term, American politics

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 24 «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/euphemisms/24-government-spin/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:24-government-spin:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises "entitlement reform" as the term is employed in American politics?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	entitlement	entitlement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	reform	reform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	politics	politics	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | entitlement reform |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **employ** | present · passive |  | the term |  | American politics |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The reduction of pensions and welfare provision

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:24-government-spin:e3:o1:1
# text = The reduction of pensions and welfare provision
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reduction	reduction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	pensions	pension	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	welfare	welfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	provision	provision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reduce** |  |  | pensions |  |  |  |  | nom reduction «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The abolition of all taxation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:24-government-spin:e3:o2:1
# text = The abolition of all taxation
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	abolition	abolition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	taxation	taxation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abolish** |  |  | all taxation |  |  |  |  | nom abolition «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The augmentation of pensions and welfare provision

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:24-government-spin:e3:o3:1
# text = The augmentation of pensions and welfare provision
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	augmentation	augmentation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	pensions	pension	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	welfare	welfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	provision	provision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **augment** |  |  | pensions and welfare provision |  |  |  |  | nom augmentation «event transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The renaming of official titles

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:24-government-spin:e3:o4:1
# text = The renaming of official titles
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	renaming	renaming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	titles	title	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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