--- title: "Emergency measures were declared and the courts were closed." What… — Soft words for hard things: politics a… · tree and pragmatics description: "Emergency measures were declared and the courts were closed." What has happened? Test 11 · ★ of lesson 25 «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin and war, the military and violence» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the q --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/25-spin-war-and-violence/t11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: politics a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/25-spin-war-and-violence/) / t11 # Test 11 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin a… "Emergency measures were declared and the courts were closed." What has happened? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** declare, close, happen · **To what, where:** Emergency measures, courts This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 25 «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin and war, the military and violence» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/euphemisms/25-spin-war-and-violence/#t11). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* "Emergency measures were declared and the courts were closed." ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:25-spin-war-and-violence:t11:1 # text = "Emergency measures were declared and the courts were closed." 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Emergency emergency NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 measures measure NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 declared declare VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 courts court NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj:pass _ _ 9 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux:pass _ _ 10 closed close VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 " " PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **declare** *speech: other* *in a quote* | past · passive | | Emergency measures | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Attribute | | 2 | **close** *in a quote* | past · passive | | the courts | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What has happened? ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:25-spin-war-and-violence:t11:2 # text = What has happened? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ _ 2 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 happened happen VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **happen** | present · perfect | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} New ambulances arrived ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:25-spin-war-and-violence:t11:o1:1 # text = New ambulances arrived 1 New new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 ambulances ambulance NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 arrived arrive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **arrive** | past | New ambulances | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2} Normal rights and laws were suspended ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:25-spin-war-and-violence:t11:o2:1 # text = Normal rights and laws were suspended 1 Normal normal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 rights right NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 laws law NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 5 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 suspended suspend VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **suspend** | past · passive | | Normal rights and laws | | | | | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} A first aid course started ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:25-spin-war-and-violence:t11:o3:1 # text = A first aid course started 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 4 amod _ _ 3 aid aid NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 course course NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 started start VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | past | a first aid course | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ### Option 4 {#o4} Floods were measured ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:25-spin-war-and-violence:t11:o4:1 # text = Floods were measured 1 Floods flood NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 measured measure VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **measure** | past · passive | | Floods | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: subject=Value | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: politics a…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/25-spin-war-and-violence/t10/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: politics a…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/25-spin-war-and-violence/t12/) - ↑ back to [Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin and war, the military and violence](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/25-spin-war-and-violence/)