---
title: It is given that an applicant is described as "justice-involved". As… — Soft words for hard things: crime, pri… · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that an applicant is described as "justice-involved". Ascertain what is thereby indicated. Exam question 4 of lesson 27 «Soft words for hard things: crime, prison and the police» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question an
---

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# Exam question 4 · Soft words for hard things: crime, prison and the police

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that an applicant is described as "justice-involved". Ascertain what is thereby indicated.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** give, describe, ascertain, indicate · **To what, where:** It, applicant

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 27 «Soft words for hard things: crime, prison and the police» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/euphemisms/27-crime-prison-and-police/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that an applicant is described as "justice-involved".

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:27-crime-prison-and-police:e4:1
# text = It is given that an applicant is described as "justice-involved".
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	applicant	applicant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	described	describe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	justice	justice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	involved	involved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present · passive |  | a applicant |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain what is thereby indicated.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:27-crime-prison-and-police:e4:2
# text = Ascertain what is thereby indicated.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	indicated	indicate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **indicate** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | thereby *property* | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The applicant has a criminal record or past dealings with the courts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:27-crime-prison-and-police:e4:o1:1
# text = The applicant has a criminal record or past dealings with the courts
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	applicant	applicant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	criminal	criminal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	dealings	dealing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	courts	court	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the applicant | a criminal record or past dealings with the courts |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent record=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The applicant serves as a judge

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:27-crime-prison-and-police:e4:o2:1
# text = The applicant serves as a judge
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	applicant	applicant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	serves	serve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | present | the applicant |  |  |  |  | as a judge | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as judge=Attribute |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The applicant holds strong views upon fairness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:27-crime-prison-and-police:e4:o3:1
# text = The applicant holds strong views upon fairness
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	applicant	applicant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	views	view	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fairness	fairness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | the applicant | strong views |  | fairness |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent view=Theme upon fairness=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The applicant has sat upon a jury

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:27-crime-prison-and-police:e4:o4:1
# text = The applicant has sat upon a jury
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	applicant	applicant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sat	sit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	jury	jury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present · perfect · passive |  | the applicant |  | a jury |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: subject=Theme upon jury=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: crime, pri…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/27-crime-prison-and-police/e3/)
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