---
title: It is given that a commemorative inscription refers to "the fallen".… — Soft words for hard things: death and… · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a commemorative inscription refers to "the fallen". Determine to whom the inscription refers. Exam question 2 of lesson 3 «Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of
---

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# Exam question 2 · Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and t…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a commemorative inscription refers to "the fallen". Determine to whom the inscription refers.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** commemorative inscription, you, inscription · **What happens:** give, refer, fall, determine · **To what, where:** It · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 3 «Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/euphemisms/3-death-and-feeling-poorly/#e2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a commemorative inscription refers to "the fallen".

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:3-death-and-feeling-poorly:e2:1
# text = It is given that a commemorative inscription refers to "the fallen".
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	commemorative	commemorative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	inscription	inscription	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	refers	refer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **refer** | present | a commemorative inscription |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fall** *in a quote* | participle | a commemorative inscription *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Determine to whom the inscription refers.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:3-death-and-feeling-poorly:e2:2
# text = Determine to whom the inscription refers.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	1	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	inscription	inscription	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	refers	refer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **refer** | present | the inscription |  |  |  |  |  | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soldiers who deserted their posts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:3-death-and-feeling-poorly:e2:o1:1
# text = Soldiers who deserted their posts
1	Soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	deserted	desert	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	posts	post	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **desert** | past | Soldiers | Soldiers's posts |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme post=Source |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soldiers wounded in war

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:3-death-and-feeling-poorly:e2:o2:1
# text = Soldiers wounded in war
1	Soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wounded	wound	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wound** | past | Soldiers |  |  | war |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soldiers killed in war

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:3-death-and-feeling-poorly:e2:o3:1
# text = Soldiers killed in war
1	Soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kill** | participle |  | Soldiers *not said here* |  | war |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soldiers who returned home

```conllu
# sent_id = question:euphemisms:3-death-and-feeling-poorly:e2:o4:1
# text = Soldiers who returned home
1	Soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	home	home	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | Soldiers |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: death and…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/3-death-and-feeling-poorly/e1/)
- next →: [Soft words for hard things: death and…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/3-death-and-feeling-poorly/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and the body](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/3-death-and-feeling-poorly/)