--- title: Ascertain the expression for which the interjection "heck" constitut… — Soft words for hard things: rudeness a… · tree and pragmatics description: Ascertain the expression for which the interjection "heck" constitutes a softened substitute. Exam question 2 of lesson 38 «Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/38-drat-and-the-f-word/e2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: rudeness a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/38-drat-and-the-f-word/) / e2 # Exam question 2 · Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing Ascertain the expression for which the interjection "heck" constitutes a softened substitute. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, interjection · **What happens:** ascertain, constitute, soften · **To what, where:** expression, softened substitute This is exam question 2 of lesson 38 «Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/euphemisms/38-drat-and-the-f-word/#e2). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:38-drat-and-the-f-word:e2:1 # text = Ascertain the expression for which the interjection "heck" constitutes a softened substitute. 1 Ascertain ascertain VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 expression expression NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 for for ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 11 obl _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 interjection interjection NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 8 " " PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 heck heck NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 10 " " PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ 11 constitutes constitute VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 softened soften VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 amod _ _ 14 substitute substitute NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 15 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the expression | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent expression=Topic | | 2 | **constitute** | present | the interjection | a softened substitute | | | | for the expression | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme substitute=Pivot | | 3 | **soften** | participle | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} Help ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:38-drat-and-the-f-word:e2:o1:1 # text = Help 1 Help help NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 2 {#o2} Neck ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:38-drat-and-the-f-word:e2:o2:1 # text = Neck 1 Neck neck NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 3 {#o3} Hack ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:38-drat-and-the-f-word:e2:o3:1 # text = Hack 1 Hack hack NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4} Hell ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:38-drat-and-the-f-word:e2:o4:1 # text = Hell 1 Hell hell NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: rudeness a…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/38-drat-and-the-f-word/e1/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: rudeness a…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/38-drat-and-the-f-word/e3/) - ↑ back to [Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/38-drat-and-the-f-word/)