--- title: A report states: "Following headwinds in spring, efficiency savings… — Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★ · tree and pragmatics description: A report states: "Following headwinds in spring, efficiency savings were made in summer; in autumn the board said lessons had been learned." Identify what occurred in summer. Exam question 3 of lesson 42 «Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, wit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/e3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/) / [Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/) / e3 # Exam question 3 · Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★ A report states: "Following headwinds in spring, efficiency savings were made in summer; in autumn the board said lessons had been learned." Identify what occurred in summer. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** board, you · **What happens:** follow, make, say, learn, identify, occur · **To what, where:** report states, lessons · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is exam question 3 of lesson 42 «Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/#e3). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* A report states: "Following headwinds in spring, efficiency savings were made in summer; in autumn the board said lessons had been learned." ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines:e3:1 # text = A report states: "Following headwinds in spring, efficiency savings were made in summer; in autumn the board said lessons had been learned." 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 report report NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 states state NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj:pass _ SpaceAfter=No 4 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct _ _ 5 " " PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 Following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 amod _ _ 7 headwinds headwind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 efficiency efficiency NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 savings savings NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 13 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 autumn autumn NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 board board NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 23 lessons lesson NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 24 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 25 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 learned learn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 27 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 28 " " PUNCT '' _ 14 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **make** *in a quote* | past · passive | | a report states | | | summer | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | the board | | | | autumn | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **learn** *in a quote* | past · perfect · passive | | lessons | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* Identify what occurred in summer. ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines:e3:2 # text = Identify what occurred in summer. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ _ 3 occurred occur VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 1 ccomp _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 6 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **occur** | past | | | | | summer | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} Sales rose markedly ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines:e3:o1:1 # text = Sales rose markedly 1 Sales sale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 rose rise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 markedly markedly ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rise** | past | Sales | | | | | markedly *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ### Option 2 {#o2} The board admitted failure ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines:e3:o2:1 # text = The board admitted failure 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 board board NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 admitted admit VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 4 failure failure NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **admit** *speech: other* | participle | the board *not said here* | failure | | | | | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent failure=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} Problems first hurt sales ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines:e3:o3:1 # text = Problems first hurt sales 1 Problems problem NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 3 advmod _ _ 3 hurt hurt VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 sales sale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hurt** | past | Problems | sales | | | | first *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sale=Patient | ### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4} Spending was cut ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines:e3:o4:1 # text = Spending was cut 1 Spending spending NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 cut cut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cut** | past · passive | | Spending | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/e2/) - next →: [Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/e4/) - ↑ back to [Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/)