--- title: It is given that a radiograph is reported to show "a shadow on the l… — Soft words for hard things: illness, d… · tree and pragmatics description: It is given that a radiograph is reported to show "a shadow on the lung". Determine what is thereby suggested. Exam question 2 of lesson 5 «Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/e2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: illness, d…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/) / e2 # Exam question 2 · Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body It is given that a radiograph is reported to show "a shadow on the lung". Determine what is thereby suggested. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** give, report, show, determine, suggest · **To what, where:** It, radiograph, shadow, lung This is exam question 2 of lesson 5 «Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/#e2). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* It is given that a radiograph is reported to show "a shadow on the lung". ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:5-drink-mind-and-body:e2:1 # text = It is given that a radiograph is reported to show "a shadow on the lung". 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 radiograph radiograph NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 reported report VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 advcl _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp _ _ 11 " " PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 14 on on ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 lung lung NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 17 " " PUNCT '' _ 13 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 18 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | present · passive | | It | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **report** | present · passive | | a radiograph | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute | | 3 | **show** | to-infinitive | | a shadow | | the lung | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent shadow=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* Determine what is thereby suggested. ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:5-drink-mind-and-body:e2:2 # text = Determine what is thereby suggested. 1 Determine determine VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 4 thereby thereby ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 suggested suggest VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 6 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | present · passive | | | | | | thereby *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} The presence of a person behind the patient ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:5-drink-mind-and-body:e2:o1:1 # text = The presence of a person behind the patient 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 presence presence NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 6 behind behind ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 patient patient NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 2 {#o2} A defect in the photographic apparatus ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:5-drink-mind-and-body:e2:o2:1 # text = A defect in the photographic apparatus 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 defect defect NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 photographic photographic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 apparatus apparatus NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 3 {#o3} The excellent health of the lung ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:5-drink-mind-and-body:e2:o3:1 # text = The excellent health of the lung 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 excellent excellent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 health health NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 lung lung NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4} The possible presence of a tumour in the lung ```conllu # sent_id = question:euphemisms:5-drink-mind-and-body:e2:o4:1 # text = The possible presence of a tumour in the lung 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 possible possible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 presence presence NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 tumour tumour NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 lung lung NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: illness, d…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/e1/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: illness, d…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/e3/) - ↑ back to [Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/)