---
title: Identify the principal reason for which reading is preferred to scre… — Screens, sleep, fairness and differences · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which reading is preferred to screens immediately before sleep. Exam question 1 of lesson 103 «Screens, sleep, fairness and differences» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Exam question 1 · Screens, sleep, fairness and differences

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which reading is preferred to screens immediately before sleep.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, prefer · **To what, where:** principal reason, reading

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 103 «Screens, sleep, fairness and differences» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/103-screens-fairness-and-differences/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:103-screens-fairness-and-differences:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which reading is preferred to screens immediately before sleep.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
7	reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	preferred	prefer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	screens	screen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
12	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
13	before	before	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **prefer** | present · passive |  | reading |  |  | before sleep | for the principal reason; to screens; immediately *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus for which=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The light of screens maintains the brain in a wakeful state

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:103-screens-fairness-and-differences:e1:o1:1
# text = The light of screens maintains the brain in a wakeful state
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	screens	screen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	maintains	maintain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	wakeful	wakeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | present | the light of screens | the brain |  | a wakeful state |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent brain=Theme |
| 2 | **light** |  |  | screens |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Books contain no words that are capable of exciting the reader

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:103-screens-fairness-and-differences:e1:o2:1
# text = Books contain no words that are capable of exciting the reader
1	Books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	capable	capable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	exciting	exciting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	reader	reader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | Books | no words |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot word=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | no words |  |  |  |  | of the exciting reader; capable *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reading is required by law in many households

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:103-screens-fairness-and-differences:e1:o3:1
# text = Reading is required by law in many households
1	Reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	households	household	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive | law | Reading |  | many households |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Precondition |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Screens consume electricity whereas books do not

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:103-screens-fairness-and-differences:e1:o4:1
# text = Screens consume electricity whereas books do not
1	Screens	screen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	consume	consume	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	whereas	whereas	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	5	det	_	_
5	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consume** | present | Screens | electricity |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent electricity=Asset |
| 2 | **not** **do** | present | whereas books |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Screens, sleep, fairness and differences, test 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/103-screens-fairness-and-differences/t18/)
- next →: [Screens, sleep, fairness and differences, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/103-screens-fairness-and-differences/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Screens, sleep, fairness and differences](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/103-screens-fairness-and-differences/)