---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a portable heater must not b… — Neighbours, deliveries, heating and co… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a portable heater must not be covered or placed near curtains and bedding. Exam question 1 of lesson 117 «Neighbours, deliveries, heating and cooling» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Neighbours, deliveries, heating and cooling

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a portable heater must not be covered or placed near curtains and bedding.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, not cover, place · **To what, where:** principal reason, portable heater, curtains

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 117 «Neighbours, deliveries, heating and cooling» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/117-neighbours-deliveries-and-heating/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:117-neighbours-deliveries-and-heating:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a portable heater must not be covered or placed near curtains and bedding.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	portable	portable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	heater	heater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
16	near	near	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	curtains	curtain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	bedding	bedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **cover** | must · passive |  | a portable heater |  |  |  | for the principal reason | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination |
| 3 | **place** | participle |  |  |  | curtains and bedding |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent near curtain=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It will use a great deal more electricity and raise the bill

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:117-neighbours-deliveries-and-heating:e1:o1:1
# text = It will use a great deal more electricity and raise the bill
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	deal	deal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	raise	raise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bill	bill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | future | It | a great deal  more electricity |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deal=Patient |
| 2 | **raise** | infinitive |  | the bill |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It will make the curtains fade in colour

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:117-neighbours-deliveries-and-heating:e1:o2:1
# text = It will make the curtains fade in colour
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	curtains	curtain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	fade	fade	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | future | It |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fade** | present | the curtains |  |  | colour |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It will cease to produce any heat at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:117-neighbours-deliveries-and-heating:e1:o3:1
# text = It will cease to produce any heat at all
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	cease	cease	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	produce	produce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | future | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **produce** | to-infinitive |  | any heat |  | all |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Result |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It may set the fabric alight and start a fire

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:117-neighbours-deliveries-and-heating:e1:o4:1
# text = It may set the fabric alight and start a fire
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fabric	fabric	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	alight	alight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set** | may | It | the fabric |  |  |  | alight *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient fabric=Result |
| 2 | **start** | infinitive |  | a fire |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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