--- title: It is given that a person has told a lie to escape trouble. Determin… — Why people lie, and what is not a lie · tree and pragmatics description: It is given that a person has told a lie to escape trouble. Determine the course of action that usually keeps the trouble smallest. Exam question 3 of lesson 195 «Why people lie, and what is not a lie» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the qu --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/195-why-people-lie/e3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/) / [Why people lie, and what is not a lie](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/195-why-people-lie/) / e3 # Exam question 3 · Why people lie, and what is not a lie It is given that a person has told a lie to escape trouble. Determine the course of action that usually keeps the trouble smallest. **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, action · **What happens:** give, tell, escape, determine, keep · **To what, where:** It, person, trouble, course · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is exam question 3 of lesson 195 «Why people lie, and what is not a lie» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/195-why-people-lie/#e3). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* It is given that a person has told a lie to escape trouble. ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:195-why-people-lie:e3:1 # text = It is given that a person has told a lie to escape trouble. 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 told tell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 advcl _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 lie lie NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 escape escape VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 acl _ _ 13 trouble trouble NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | present · passive | | It | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present · perfect · passive | | a person | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient lie=Topic | | 3 | **escape** | to-infinitive | | trouble | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme trouble=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* Determine the course of action that usually keeps the trouble smallest. ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:195-why-people-lie:e3:2 # text = Determine the course of action that usually keeps the trouble smallest. 1 Determine determine VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 course course NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 action action NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 7 usually usually ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 keeps keep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 trouble trouble NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 smallest small ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 10 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 12 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the course of action | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Topic | | 2 | **keep** | present | action | the trouble smallest | | | | usually *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trouble=Theme | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Keeping silent forever ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:195-why-people-lie:e3:o1:1 # text = Keeping silent forever 1 Keeping keep VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 2 silent silent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 xcomp _ _ 3 forever forever ADV RB _ 1 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | gerund | | | | | | forever, silent *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2} Owning up early ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:195-why-people-lie:e3:o2:1 # text = Owning up early 1 Owning own VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 2 up up ADP RP _ 1 compound:prt _ _ 3 early early ADV RB Degree=Pos 1 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **own up** | gerund | | | | | | early *property* | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | ### Option 3 {#o3} Adding further lies ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:195-why-people-lie:e3:o3:1 # text = Adding further lies 1 Adding add VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 2 further further ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 lies lie NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund | | further lies | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lie=Patient | ### Option 4 {#o4} Blaming another person ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:195-why-people-lie:e3:o4:1 # text = Blaming another person 1 Blaming blame VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 2 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 3 det _ _ 3 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **blame** | gerund | | another person | | | | | vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Why people lie, and what is not a lie, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/195-why-people-lie/e2/) - next →: [Why people lie, and what is not a lie, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/195-why-people-lie/e4/) - ↑ back to [Why people lie, and what is not a lie](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/195-why-people-lie/)