---
title: A boy in Leeds trips on a pavement and feels himself falling forward… — Balance and falling well · tree and pragmatics
description: A boy in Leeds trips on a pavement and feels himself falling forward. What is the safest way to land? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 2 «Balance and falling well» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · Balance and falling well

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A boy in Leeds trips on a pavement and feels himself falling forward. What is the safest way to land?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** boy, safest way · **What happens:** feel, fall, be, land · **To what, where:** boy

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 2 «Balance and falling well» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/2-balance-and-falling-well/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A boy in Leeds trips on a pavement and feels himself falling forward.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:2-balance-and-falling-well:t1:1
# text = A boy in Leeds trips on a pavement and feels himself falling forward.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Leeds	Leeds	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	trips	trip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pavement	pavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
10	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	10	obj	_	_
12	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
13	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | a boy in Leeds trips on a pavement | boy |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme |
| 2 | **fall** | gerund | a boy in Leeds trips on a pavement *not said here* |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is the safest way to land?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:2-balance-and-falling-well:t1:2
# text = What is the safest way to land?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	safest	safe	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	land	land	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the safest way |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **land** | to-infinitive | the safest way *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep his body straight like a plank

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:2-balance-and-falling-well:t1:o1:1
# text = Keep his body straight like a plank
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | his body |  |  |  | like a plank; straight *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Throw out one stiff arm

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:2-balance-and-falling-well:t1:o2:1
# text = Throw out one stiff arm
1	Throw	throw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	stiff	stiff	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw out** | imperative | you *not said here* | one stiff arm |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bend his arms and roll onto his side

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:2-balance-and-falling-well:t1:o3:1
# text = Bend his arms and roll onto his side
1	Bend	bend	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	roll	roll	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
6	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | imperative | you *not said here* | his arms |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent arm=Material |
| 2 | **roll** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | his side |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme onto side=Trajectory |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Land on his chin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:2-balance-and-falling-well:t1:o4:1
# text = Land on his chin
1	Land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	chin	chin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Going up and down stairs safely, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/1-stairs/e4/)
- next →: [Balance and falling well, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/2-balance-and-falling-well/t2/)
- ↑ back to [Balance and falling well](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/2-balance-and-falling-well/)