--- title: It being given that a small bird gives an alarm call and then falls… — Thinking about noticing · tree and pragmatics description: It being given that a small bird gives an alarm call and then falls silent, determine what such conduct most probably signifies. Exam question 4 of lesson 20 «Thinking about noticing» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/20-noticing-like-a-cat/e4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/) / [Thinking about noticing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/20-noticing-like-a-cat/) / e4 # Exam question 4 · Thinking about noticing It being given that a small bird gives an alarm call and then falls silent, determine what such conduct most probably signifies. **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** small bird · **What happens:** give, fall, determine, conduct, signify · **To what, where:** It, alarm call This is exam question 4 of lesson 20 «Thinking about noticing» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/20-noticing-like-a-cat/#e4). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:20-noticing-like-a-cat:e4:1 # text = It being given that a small bird gives an alarm call and then falls silent, determine what such conduct most probably signifies. 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 9 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 alarm alarm NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 call call NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 13 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 14 advmod _ _ 14 falls fall VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 15 silent silent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 determine determine VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 18 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 20 obj _ _ 19 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 conduct conduct VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 ccomp _ _ 21 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 22 advmod _ _ 22 probably probably ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 signifies signify VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | gerund · passive | | It | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **give** | present | a small bird | a alarm call | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent call=Theme | | 3 | **fall** | present | a small bird *not said here* | | | | then | silent *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **determine** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **conduct** | present | | | | | | | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme | | 6 | **signify** | present | | | | | | probably *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} That the day is concluding ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:20-noticing-like-a-cat:e4:o1:1 # text = That the day is concluding 1 That that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 concluding conclude VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **conclude** | present · progressive | that day | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ### Option 2 {#o2} That the bird has found food ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:20-noticing-like-a-cat:e4:o2:1 # text = That the bird has found food 1 That that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **find** | present · perfect · passive | | that bird | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme food=Attribute | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3} That a predator is near ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:20-noticing-like-a-cat:e4:o3:1 # text = That a predator is near 1 That that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 predator predator NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 5 near near ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | that predator | | | | | near *property* | tree rules | ### Option 4 {#o4} That rain shall shortly fall ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:20-noticing-like-a-cat:e4:o4:1 # text = That rain shall shortly fall 1 That that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det _ _ 2 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 shortly shortly ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 fall fall VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fall** | shall | that rain | | | | | shortly *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Thinking about noticing, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/20-noticing-like-a-cat/e3/) - next →: [Reading a dog's body language, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/21-reading-a-dog/t1/) - ↑ back to [Thinking about noticing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/20-noticing-like-a-cat/)