---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a person ought never to be d… — Pranks: harmless fun or real harm? · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a person ought never to be deceived as to the contents of his food. Exam question 2 of lesson 204 «Pranks: harmless fun or real harm?» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; 
---

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# Exam question 2 · Pranks: harmless fun or real harm?

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a person ought never to be deceived as to the contents of his food.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, not deceive · **To what, where:** principal reason, person

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 204 «Pranks: harmless fun or real harm?» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/204-pranks/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:204-pranks:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a person ought never to be deceived as to the contents of his food.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
9	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	deceived	deceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	contents	contents	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **deceive** | ought · passive | you *not said here* | a person |  |  |  | for the principal reason; as the contents of person's food | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food allergies can cause death

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:204-pranks:e2:o1:1
# text = Food allergies can cause death
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	allergies	allergy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | can | Food allergies | death |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition death=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food deceptions are seldom amusing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:204-pranks:e2:o2:1
# text = Food deceptions are seldom amusing
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	deceptions	deception	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	seldom	seldom	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	amusing	amusing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Food deceptions |  |  |  |  | amusing, seldom *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cook may be offended

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:204-pranks:e2:o3:1
# text = The cook may be offended
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cook	cook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	offended	offend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offend** | may · passive |  | the cook |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food may thereby be wasted

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:204-pranks:e2:o4:1
# text = Food may thereby be wasted
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	wasted	waste	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **waste** | may · passive |  | Food |  |  |  | thereby *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Pranks: harmless fun or real harm?, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/204-pranks/e1/)
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