---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Sharing, sleep and safe food · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of screens used shortly before sleep? Exam question 2 of lesson 209 «Sharing, sleep and safe food» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; M
---

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# Exam question 2 · Sharing, sleep and safe food

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of screens used shortly before sleep?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, use, effect · **To what, where:** effect, screens

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 209 «Sharing, sleep and safe food» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/209-sharing-sleep-and-safe-food/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:209-sharing-sleep-and-safe-food:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of screens used shortly before sleep?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	screens	screen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	shortly	shortly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the effect of screens |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  | screens *not said here* |  |  | before sleep | shortly *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **effect** |  |  | screens |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They assist persons who cannot fall asleep

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:209-sharing-sleep-and-safe-food:e2:o1:1
# text = They assist persons who cannot fall asleep
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	assist	assist	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assist** | present | They |  | persons |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **not** **fall** | can | persons |  |  |  |  | asleep *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their light and excitement render sleep more difficult

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:209-sharing-sleep-and-safe-food:e2:o2:1
# text = Their light and excitement render sleep more difficult
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	render	render	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	_
8	difficult	difficult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **render** | present | Their light and excitement | sleep |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sleep=Theme |
| 2 | **light** |  | Their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They have no effect upon sleep whatsoever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:209-sharing-sleep-and-safe-food:e2:o3:1
# text = They have no effect upon sleep whatsoever
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | They | no effect |  |  |  | upon sleep; whatsoever *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They render sleep deeper and longer, as the eyes grow weary

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:209-sharing-sleep-and-safe-food:e2:o4:1
# text = They render sleep deeper and longer, as the eyes grow weary
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	render	render	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	deeper	deep	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	weary	weary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **render** | present | They | sleep |  |  |  | deep *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sleep=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | present | the eyes |  |  |  |  | weary *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Sharing, sleep and safe food, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/209-sharing-sleep-and-safe-food/e1/)
- next →: [Sharing, sleep and safe food, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/209-sharing-sleep-and-safe-food/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Sharing, sleep and safe food](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/209-sharing-sleep-and-safe-food/)