---
title: my mate says if a dog yawns it's just bored and u can cuddle it — Reading a dog's body language · tree and pragmatics
description: my mate says if a dog yawns it's just bored and u can cuddle it Test 18 of lesson 21 «Reading a dog's body language» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 18 · Reading a dog's body language

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
my mate says if a dog yawns it's just bored and u can cuddle it

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** mate, dog, u · **What happens:** say, yawn, be, cuddle · **To what, where:** dog · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 18 of lesson 21 «Reading a dog's body language» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/21-reading-a-dog/#t18).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:21-reading-a-dog:t18:1
# text = my mate says if a dog yawns it's just bored and u can cuddle it
1	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	yawns	yawn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	just	just	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	bored	bored	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	u	you	PRON	PRP	Abbr=Yes|Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	cuddle	cuddle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | my mate |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **yawn** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a dog |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | dog |  |  |  |  | bored *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **cuddle** | can | u | dog |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not quite; a yawn when not tired can mean the dog is worried, so give it space

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:21-reading-a-dog:t18:o1:1
# text = Not quite; a yawn when not tired can mean the dog is worried, so give it space
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
2	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	yawn	yawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	worried	worried	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | a yawn |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the dog |  |  |  |  | worried *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **give** | infinitive | a yawn *not said here* | dog |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent it=Recipient space=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, a yawning dog wants a cuddle

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:21-reading-a-dog:t18:o2:1
# text = He is right, a yawning dog wants a cuddle
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	yawning	yawning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cuddle	cuddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **want** | present | a yawning dog | a cuddle |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cuddle=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, yawning dogs are always sleepy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:21-reading-a-dog:t18:o3:1
# text = He is right, yawning dogs are always sleepy
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	yawning	yawn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	9	advmod	_	_
9	sleepy	sleepy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **yawn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | right yawning dogs |  |  |  |  | always, sleepy *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, yawning means it is about to play and wants you to join in the game

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:21-reading-a-dog:t18:o4:1
# text = He is right, yawning means it is about to play and wants you to join in the game
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	yawning	yawn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	nsubj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	about	about	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	ccomp	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **yawn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | about *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **play** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **want** | present |  | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **join** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in the game | vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in game=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Reading a dog's body language, test 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/21-reading-a-dog/t17/)
- next →: [Reading a dog's body language, test 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/21-reading-a-dog/t19/)
- ↑ back to [Reading a dog's body language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/21-reading-a-dog/)