---
title: Which is true about bruises? — First aid, medicine and the sun · tree and pragmatics
description: Which is true about bruises? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 210 «First aid, medicine and the sun» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 4 · ★★ · First aid, medicine and the sun

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which is true about bruises?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 210 «First aid, medicine and the sun» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/210-first-aid-medicine-and-sun/#t4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:210-first-aid-medicine-and-sun:t4:1
# text = Which is true about bruises?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	bruises	bruise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | about bruises; true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cold reduces swelling and pain

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:210-first-aid-medicine-and-sun:t4:o1:1
# text = Cold reduces swelling and pain
1	Cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reduces	reduce	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	swelling	swelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reduce** | present | Cold | swelling and pain |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer swelling=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heat makes them go away at once

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:210-first-aid-medicine-and-sun:t4:o2:1
# text = Heat makes them go away at once
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Heat | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go away** | infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at once=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bruises only ever happen to adults

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:210-first-aid-medicine-and-sun:t4:o3:1
# text = Bruises only ever happen to adults
1	Bruises	bruise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	happen	happen	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | infinitive | Bruises |  |  |  | ever | to adults | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bruise always needs a plaster on it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:210-first-aid-medicine-and-sun:t4:o4:1
# text = A bruise always needs a plaster on it
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	plaster	plaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | a bruise | a plaster |  | plaster |  | always *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot plaster=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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