---
title: Sam in Denver sees a puppy on a lead outside a café. Its owner is wi… — Meeting a dog safely · tree and pragmatics
description: Sam in Denver sees a puppy on a lead outside a café. Its owner is with it. What is the right first step? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 22 «Meeting a dog safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · Meeting a dog safely

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam in Denver sees a puppy on a lead outside a café. Its owner is with it. What is the right first step?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Sam, owner, right first step · **What happens:** see, be · **To what, where:** puppy, lead

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This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 22 «Meeting a dog safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/22-meeting-a-dog-safely/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Sam in Denver sees a puppy on a lead outside a café.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t1:1
# text = Sam in Denver sees a puppy on a lead outside a café.
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Denver	Denver	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	sees	see	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lead	lead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	café	café	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present | Sam in Denver | a puppy |  | a lead outside a café |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer puppy=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Its owner is with it.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t1:2
# text = Its owner is with it.
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | lead's owner |  |  |  |  | with lead | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* What is the right first step?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t1:3
# text = What is the right first step?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
6	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the right first step |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ask the owner if he may pat it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t1:o1:1
# text = Ask the owner if he may pat it
1	Ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	pat	pat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	ccomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | imperative | you *not said here* | the owner |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent owner=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pat** *a condition, not said to happen* | may | he | owner |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pat it before the owner notices

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t1:o2:1
# text = Pat it before the owner notices
1	Pat	Pat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	appos	_	_
3	before	before	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	notices	notice	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notice** | present | Pat before the owner |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kneel down and hug the puppy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t1:o3:1
# text = Kneel down and hug the puppy
1	Kneel	kneel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	hug	hug	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kneel down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hug** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the puppy |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puppy=Co-Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pick the puppy up to cuddle it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t1:o4:1
# text = Pick the puppy up to cuddle it
1	Pick	pick	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	cuddle	cuddle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pick up** | imperative | you *not said here* | the puppy |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puppy=Topic |
| 2 | **cuddle** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | puppy |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Co-Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Reading a dog's body language, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/21-reading-a-dog/e4/)
- next →: [Meeting a dog safely, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/22-meeting-a-dog-safely/t2/)
- ↑ back to [Meeting a dog safely](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/22-meeting-a-dog-safely/)