---
title: A boy in Manchester holds his hand out high and waves it at a dog he… — Meeting a dog safely · tree and pragmatics
description: A boy in Manchester holds his hand out high and waves it at a dog he does not know. Why is this not a good idea? Test 8 · ★ of lesson 22 «Meeting a dog safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Test 8 · ★ · Meeting a dog safely

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A boy in Manchester holds his hand out high and waves it at a dog he does not know. Why is this not a good idea?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** boy, this · **What happens:** hold out, wave, not know, not be · **To what, where:** hand, dog, good idea

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 22 «Meeting a dog safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/22-meeting-a-dog-safely/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A boy in Manchester holds his hand out high and waves it at a dog he does not know.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t8:1
# text = A boy in Manchester holds his hand out high and waves it at a dog he does not know.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Manchester	Manchester	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
9	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	waves	wave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold out** | present | a boy in Manchester | boy's hand |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |
| 2 | **wave** | present | a boy in Manchester *not said here* | hand |  |  |  | at a dog | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | boy | a dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer dog=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why is this not a good idea?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t8:2
# text = Why is this not a good idea?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | this | a good idea |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fast, waving hands can scare or excite a dog

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t8:o1:1
# text = Fast, waving hands can scare or excite a dog
1	Fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	waving	wave	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
4	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	scare	scare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	excite	excite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **scare** | can | Fast waving hands |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **excite** | infinitive | Fast waving hands *not said here* | a dog |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus dog=Experiencer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs cannot smell hands held high

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t8:o2:1
# text = Dogs cannot smell hands held high
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	smell	smell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
7	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **smell** | can | Dogs | hands |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hand=Stimulus |
| 2 | **hold** | participle | Dogs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | high *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs only like hands held in pockets

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t8:o3:1
# text = Dogs only like hands held in pockets
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	pockets	pocket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | participle · passive |  | Dogs like hands |  | pockets |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in pocket=Location |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs like it, so it will follow him home and be his pet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:22-meeting-a-dog-safely:t8:o4:1
# text = Dogs like it, so it will follow him home and be his pet
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
2	like	like	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	home	home	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | future | Dogs like it | him *= he* |  |  |  | home *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | infinitive | Dogs like it *not said here* | his pet |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Meeting a dog safely, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/22-meeting-a-dog-safely/t7/)
- next →: [Meeting a dog safely, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/22-meeting-a-dog-safely/t9/)
- ↑ back to [Meeting a dog safely](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/22-meeting-a-dog-safely/)