---
title: Identify the persons to whom one ought to offer one's seat on a crow… — Good manners on buses and trains, and… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the persons to whom one ought to offer one's seat on a crowded bus or train. Exam question 1 of lesson 225 «Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mo
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/225-public-transport-and-borrowing/e1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/) / [Good manners on buses and trains, and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/225-public-transport-and-borrowing/) / e1

# Exam question 1 · Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the persons to whom one ought to offer one's seat on a crowded bus or train.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, offer · **To what, where:** persons, one, crowded bus

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 225 «Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/225-public-transport-and-borrowing/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:e1:1
# text = Identify the persons to whom one ought to offer one's seat on a crowded bus or train.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	1	obl	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ought	ought	AUX	MD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	offer	offer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
10	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	crowded	crowded	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the persons |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent person=Theme to whom=be' |
| 2 | **offer** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | one |  | a crowded bus or train |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent one=Goal seat=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only those persons who expressly request it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:e1:o1:1
# text = Only those persons who expressly request it
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	expressly	expressly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	request	request	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **request** | present | that persons | it |  |  |  | expressly *property* | vn beg-58.2 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only persons one knows personally

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:e1:o2:1
# text = Only persons one knows personally
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	_
4	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	personally	personally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | persons |  |  |  |  | personally *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Older, pregnant or disabled persons

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:e1:o3:1
# text = Older, pregnant or disabled persons
1	Older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	pregnant	pregnant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	disabled	disabled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only persons carrying bags

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:e1:o4:1
# text = Only persons carrying bags
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | gerund | persons *not said here* | bags |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Good manners on buses and trains, and…, test 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/225-public-transport-and-borrowing/t21/)
- next →: [Good manners on buses and trains, and…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/225-public-transport-and-borrowing/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/225-public-transport-and-borrowing/)