---
title: apparently that boy borrowed a girl's calculator, broke it and hid i… — Good manners on buses and trains, and… · tree and pragmatics
description: apparently that boy borrowed a girl's calculator, broke it and hid it, and now she won't speak to him ever. what's the true lesson? Test 17 · ★ of lesson 225 «Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmat
---

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# Test 17 · ★ · Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
apparently that boy borrowed a girl's calculator, broke it and hid it, and now she won't speak to him ever. what's the true lesson?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** boy, girl · **What happens:** borrow, break, hide, not speak, be · **To what, where:** calculator, boy, true lesson · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 17 · ★ of lesson 225 «Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/225-public-transport-and-borrowing/#t17).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:t17:1
# text = apparently that boy borrowed a girl's calculator, broke it and hid it, and now she won't speak to him ever. what's the true lesson?
1	apparently	apparently	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	advcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	calculator	calculator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
17	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	21	advmod	_	_
18	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	wo	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
24	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
26	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	30	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **borrow** | past | that boy | a girl's calculator |  |  |  | apparently *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calculator=Theme |
| 2 | **break** | past |  | calculator |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient |
| 3 | **hide** | past |  | calculator |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 4 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | future | girl |  | boy |  | now; ever |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent |
| 5 | **is a** | present |  | the true lesson |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tell the owner, say sorry and offer to replace it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:t17:o1:1
# text = Tell the owner, say sorry and offer to replace it
1	Tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
6	sorry	sorry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	offer	offer	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | the owner |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent owner=Recipient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: apologize* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sorry *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **offer** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **replace** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | owner |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never borrow anything at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:t17:o2:1
# text = Never borrow anything at all
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	borrow	borrow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **borrow** | imperative | you *not said here* | anything |  | all |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hide it and buy a new one secretly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:t17:o3:1
# text = Hide it and buy a new one secretly
1	Hide	hide	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	buy	buy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	secretly	secretly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | imperative | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 2 | **buy** | infinitive | you *not said here* | a new one |  |  |  | secretly *property* | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Say it was broken when you got it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing:t17:o4:1
# text = Say it was broken when you got it
1	Say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	ccomp	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **break** | past · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **get** | past | you | it |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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