---
title: my mate swears his uncle's cow chased him across a whole field and t… — Hiking and camping safely · tree and pragmatics
description: my mate swears his uncle's cow chased him across a whole field and trampled his dog. probably true lesson? Test 19 · ★★ of lesson 230 «Hiking and camping safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice
---

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# Test 19 · ★★ · Hiking and camping safely

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
my mate swears his uncle's cow chased him across a whole field and trampled his dog. probably true lesson?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** mate, cow · **What happens:** swear, chase, trample · **To what, where:** true lesson, mate, whole field, dog

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 19 · ★★ of lesson 230 «Hiking and camping safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/230-hiking-and-camping/#t19).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:230-hiking-and-camping:t19:1
# text = my mate swears his uncle's cow chased him across a whole field and trampled his dog. probably true lesson?
1	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swears	swear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	chased	chase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	across	across	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	trampled	trample	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
19	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | present | my mate | true lesson |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **chase** | past | mate's uncle's cow | mate |  | a whole field |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent he=Theme across field=Trajectory |
| 3 | **trample** | past | mate's uncle's cow *not said here* | mate's dog |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cows are harmless, so just walk straight through them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:230-hiking-and-camping:t19:o1:1
# text = Cows are harmless, so just walk straight through them
1	Cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	walk	walk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
8	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Cows |  |  |  |  | harmless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **walk** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | through Cows *= cow*; straight *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through they=Trajectory |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Run through the field as fast as you can

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:230-hiking-and-camping:t19:o2:1
# text = Run through the field as fast as you can
1	Run	run	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	as	as	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the field |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through field=Trajectory |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let the dog off its lead so it can scare the cows away

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:230-hiking-and-camping:t19:o3:1
# text = Let the dog off its lead so it can scare the cows away
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	lead	lead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	scare	scare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | the dog |  |  |  | off dog's lead | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Theme |
| 2 | **scare away** | can | dog | the cows |  |  |  | away *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus cow=Experiencer |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cows protect calves; walk calmly round the edge, dog on lead

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:230-hiking-and-camping:t19:o4:1
# text = Cows protect calves; walk calmly round the edge, dog on lead
1	Cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	protect	protect	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	calves	calf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	walk	walk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	calmly	calmly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	round	round	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	lead	lead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | Cows |  | calves |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calf=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **walk** | infinitive | Cows *not said here* |  |  | lead |  | round the edge and dog; calmly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round edge=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Hiking and camping safely, test 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/230-hiking-and-camping/t18/)
- next →: [Hiking and camping safely, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/230-hiking-and-camping/e1/)
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